After an impressively warm and sunny spring, it was back to changeable weather in June with a few warm, sunny days interspersed with showers and longer periods of rain. I took the opportunity on the 2nd (a warm, sunny day) to visit local fields and Therfield Heath, looking mainly for butterflies. Numbers of first generation Common Blues and Brown Argus butterflies were falling now on The Heath, whilst I failed to find any Adonis Blues there. However, on the small wild flower patch in the field that is behind our estate, which has proved quite productive in the past, I was lucky to find a recently emerged male Common Blue, which flew conveniently towards me and perched on top of a flower bud, allowing me to take some nice photos. If only all insects were so obliging!
Male Common Blue Butterfly, Royston, 2 June
After changeable weather in the first week, high pressure built again with plenty of sunshine and temperatures building to a climax between the 18th and the 21st, with an official heatwave and a maximum temperature in Royston of 31C (or possibly higher - I'm relying on the temperature gauge in the car!). It has been a disappointing spring migration period locally for birds, with no sign of Wheatear, Garden, Sedge or Reed Warblers. Spotted Flycatchers were not encountered in Fox Covert during the month, although to be fair I didn't spend much time looking for them. There was some joy, however, on two late evening owl walks. On the 12th a Barn Owl crossed the GMT trail in front of me, heading SE from Flint Hall Farm towards and then beyond Half Moon Plantation, less than half a mile from the house. Further down the track two Tawny Owl chicks (one seen) were squeaking away. There were no Barn Owl sightings on the 18th, but the two Tawny Owl chicks were still present and I also saw a Badger, a Fox and a few bats. Unfortunately there was no sign of Little Owl activity on either walk.
It was necessary to be out early or late to find much bird activity on the hot days. Chiffchaffs, Blackcaps, Whitethroats and Lesser Whitethroats were all singing again in the second half of the month (well, the Chiffchaffs never really stopped) and were presumably having successful breeding seasons, the first juvenile Goldfinches appeared at my feeders early in the month and juvenile Blackbirds, Great Tits and Blue Tits were also seen in the garden. All four resident species of pigeon and dove were seen in the garden, both hoovering up spilt bird seeds and drinking from the terrace pond. Jackdaws and many species of small bird were also using the garden ponds to drink from. On The Heath, another Grey Partridge was seen on the 16th.
Grey Partridge, Therfield Heath (Old Rifle Range), 16 June
Some butterfly first sightings were, at least for my own records, very early. Dark Green Fritillaries were seen on The Heath from the 6th, both Small Skipper and White-letter Hairstreak from the 16th (with specimens of the last being seen at the bottom of my road on the 19th). Only Large Skippers, which only appeared in any numbers from the middle of the month, bucked the trend by appearing at the 'right time'. Common Blues kept appearing in ones and twos throughout the month, but I saw no Adonis Blues after the 4th, although they were reported later by others. Small Tortoiseshell Butterflies seem to be slowly recovering after some disastrous recent years: I saw six together near my house on the 10th and another four on a walk between Wallington and Clothall Common. Painted Lady butterflies have also been seen in greater numbers than in the last couple of years, but the biggest butterfly surprise this year to date was to see a Clouded Yellow in pristine condition on the 16th, which put in a brief appearance (too brief to get a photo) on my local wildflower meadow before flying off strongly to the west. I presume that this specimen had hatched recently in the UK, from eggs deposited by an early continental migrant.
Dark Green Fritillary (Side View!), TH, 6 June
Large Skipper, Royston, 16 June
Small Skipper, Royston, 16 June
Small Tortoiseshell, Royston, 10 June
Ringlets appeared from the 16th and were quite numerous when I visited Fox Covert and Jubilee Wood on the 25th. Essex Skippers were seen locally from the 24th. A visit to Scales Park on the 24th provided a brief glimpse of a Silver-washed Fritillary, but no sign of Purple Emperors (reported on the 22nd) - I'll try again later. Huge numbers of Marbled Whites were on Church Hill on the 25th, having switched their favoured plants for taking nectar from Privet (nearly finished) to the large clumps of Knapweed and Field Scabious flowers. At least four Dark Green Fritillaries were seen here (image to follow), with many more at the east end of The Heath, but there was no sign here of Silver-washed Fritillaries, which I haven't seen on The Heath since 2023. A White Admiral was seen when I visited Balls Wood nature reserve (Hertford Heath) on the 18th.
Essex Skipper, Royston, 24 June
Other invertebrates seen in June included Hummingbird Hawkmoth (one was feeding on my Valerian on the 16th), Summer Chafer and a new (for me) longhorn beetle, Golden-bloomed Grey Longhorn Beetle, seen near to the house. A (presumably Jersey) tiger beetle was seen in flight. A visit to Clothall Common on the 20th yielded no 'blue' butterflies, but surprisingly large numbers of six-spotted Burnet Moths were seen, considering that I hadn't seen any elsewhere on my travels (they usually appear in July). A Dock Bug was the first Shield Bug that I had seen locally this year, after shield bugs had a vintage year in 2024.
Six Spot Burnet Moth, Clothall Common, 20 June
Dock Bug, Therfield Heath, 10 June
Golden-bloomed Grey Longhorn Beetle, Royston, 10 June
Hummingbird Hawkmoth on the Ground, Royston, 24 June
It has been a poor year generally for orchids, although there was a good display of Pyramidal Orchids when I visited Clothall Common on the 20th and I also found a couple of Pyramidal Orchids on my local wildflower meadow. Common Spotted Orchids seem to have been particularly badly hit, with none seen by me locally. Very few were seen last year either, making me think that the dry, hardened ground in 2025 is not the only reason for this species' apparent demise. Fragrant Orchids appeared on Church Hill, but only small, wizened spikes were seen on my visits. Other plants fared better and I saw lots of the parasitic plant, Common Broomrape.
Common Broomrape near Wallington, 20 June
Pyramidal Orchids, Clothall Common, 20 June
My last visit to The Heath before a planned holiday abroad saw me on Church Hill on the morning of the 25th, when highlights included a female Dark Green Fritillary that allowed me to get close enough to get a decent photograph (males are rarely so obliging, being constantly on the move looking for females to mate with and fighting other males), and a mating pair of Dock Bugs.
Female Dark Green Fritillary, Church Hill, 25 June
Mating Dock Bugs, Church Hill, 25 June
